SOURCES

1 Dachau Concentration Camp in drawings and paintings

  • Image 1.1: Florian Deresinski, Kräutergarten Dachau (Dachau Herb Garden), watercolor, DaA O 202, Dachau Concentration Camp Memorial Site.
    • A design for an advertising poster from Dachau Concentration Camp. A butterfly, a flower, a tea bowl above fields.
  • Image 1.2: Georg Tauber, book cover featuring self-portrait, DaA A 4001, Dachau Concentration Camp Memorial Site.
    • Pencil sketch of Georg Tauber from the side, wearing a camp prisoner uniform. At the bottom right is the book title "KZ Tatsachenbericht eines ehemaligen Dachauer Konzentrationslagerhäftlings" ("Factual Report by a Former Prisoner of Dachau Concentration Camp").
  • Image 1.3: Art Spiegelman: Maus. Die Geschichte eines Überlebenden. Frankfurt am Main 2008.
    • "Maus" graphic novel cover. In the center, a large swastika with the head of a cat resembling Adolf Hitler. Underneath, two frightened-looking mice wearing overcoats.
  • Michaela Haibl: "Überlebensmittel" und Dokumentationsobjekt. Zeichnungen aus dem Konzentrationslager Dachau. In: Wolfgang Benz and Barbara Distel (Eds.): Terror und Kunst. Zeugnis, Überlebenshilfe, Rekonstruktion und Denkmal. Dachauer Hefte 18. Dachau 2002, pp. 42–64.
  • Stefanie Endlich: Bilder des Lagers und ihre Rezeption von der Nachkriegszeit bis heute. In: Anne-Berenike Rothstein (Eds.): Poetik des Überlebens. Kulturproduktion im Konzentrationslager. Berlin, München, Boston 2015, pp. 144–158.
  • Endlich, Stefanie: Kunst im Konzentrationslager. In: Benz, Wolfgang / Distel, Barbara (Eds.): Der Ort des Terrors. Geschichte der nationalsozialistischen Konzentrationslager. Band 1: Die Organisation des Terrors. München 2008, pp. 274–295.

2 From Father to prisoner – Richard Henkes

  • Martin W. Ramb and Andreas Thelen-Eiselen (Eds.): Und wenn die Wahrheit mich vernichtet. Pater Richard Henkes im KZ Dachau. Nonfiction graphic novel by Drushba Pankow. Friedberg 2019.
    • A comic panel shows Father Richard Henkes in a priest's cape in front of a church spire. The other panel shows him in the same stance, with a shaved head and wearing a prisoner uniform in front of the barbed wire and guard tower of the concentration camp.

3 Dachau and the November Pogroms

  • Image 3.1: David Ludwig Bloch: Schutzhaftjuden (Jews in Protective Custody), DaA O 366, Dachau Concentration Camp Memorial Site.
    • In the foreground, camp prisoners in striped uniforms with haggard faces. One of the prisoner's uniforms bears the year 1938 where the prisoner number should be. In the background, the barbed wire fence and a guard tower.
  • Image 3.2: David Ludwig Bloch: Concentration Camp, Dachau Nov. 1938, DaA O 354, Dachau Concentration Camp Memorial Site.
    • A bird's-eye view of the roll call area in Dachau Concentration Camp during a roll call of thousands of prisoners. Right at the front, SS men on bicycles.
  • Lecture on the November Pogroms given by Dr. Dirk Riedl, November 27, 2013, Dachau Concentration Camp Memorial Site.
  • Lecture on David Ludwig Bloch given by Dr. Michaela Haibl, November 27, 2013, Dachau Concentration Camp Memorial Site.
  • Report by Walter Solmitz dated March 10, 1939, DaA A 901, Dachau Concentration Camp Memorial Site.

4 Admission and dehumanization

  • Video: Dachau Concentration Camp Memorial Site. Therein: Cover „Überleben in Dachau“ and a photo of Guy-Pierre Gautier and Tiburce Oger from the private collection of Tiburce Oger.
  • Guy-Pierre Gautier and Tiburce Oger: Überleben in Dachau. Vienna 2020, p. 42.
    • Comic panel depicting the admission process at Dachau Concentration Camp. The prisoners are beaten by the SS and guarded by dogs. They have to strip naked and are disinfected with formalin. They are shaved to the scalp down the middle of their heads and have to put on the prisoner uniform.

5 Does work set you free?

  • Music: Dachau Song. Lyrics: Jura Soyfer, Music: Herbert Zipper, Vocals and Guitar: Kurt Hahn, from the double cassette edition "Waast Du, wo Auschwitz liegt?" Institut für regionale Sprachen und Kulturen (Institute for Regional Languages and Cultures), Vienna 1988. Courtesy of IDI/ÖDA, Vienna.
  • Image 5.1: Karel Frinta, DaA O 274, Dachau Concentration Camp Memorial Site.
    • Five prisoners pull a large road roller. An SS man stands on the roller, cracking a whip.
  • Image 5.2: Marcel Naas: Mémoires de 4 ans 1/2 K.L. Dachau. N.p. 1945, p. 27.
  • Image 5.3: Unknown artist, from a memorial portfolio, created pre-1949, DaA A 6459, Dachau Concentration Camp Memorial Site.
    • Possibly a wood-block print. In the foreground, a camp prisoner, depicted with the face of a skeleton, pushes a barrow. In the background, dark shadows of SS men.
  • Marcel Naas: Mémoires de 4 ans 1/2 K.L. Dachau. N.p. 1945.
  • Paul Cummins: Musik trotz allem. Herbert Zipper: Von Dachau um die Welt (German translation of the English original "Dachau Song: The Twentieth-century Odyssey of Herbert Zipper"). Vienna 1993.
  • Hermann Kaienburg: Zwangsarbeit. KZ und Wirtschaft im Zweiten Weltkrieg. In: Wolfgang Benz and Barbara Distel (Eds.): Der Ort des Terrors. Geschichte der nationalsozialistischen Konzentrationslager Bd. 1: Die Organisation des Terrors. Munich 2005, pp. 179–194, specifically: p. 186.

6 Food and hunger

  • Image 6.1: Karl Freund, DaA O 307, Dachau Concentration Camp Memorial Site.
    • Prisoners run and SS men walk along the camp road in Dachau Concentration Camp. Each pair of prisoners carries a large pot between them.
  • Images 6.2–6.6: Boris Kobe, Muzej novejše zgodovine Slovenije (National Museum of Contemporary History, Slovenia).
    • Playing card showing prisoners waiting in line. At the front, a prisoner holding a ladle stands next to a pot and uses his elbow to shove the first in line to the side. At the opposite end of the card, he uses the ladle to hit a fellow prisoner. A camp prisoner sticks his head into a pot. Another tries to pull him out. Still others are fighting. At the opposite end of the card, prisoners work together to drag a prisoner out using their hands and shoulders.
  • Image 6.7: Michael Porulsky, Arnold Unger Foundation for Remembrance, Inc., USA.
    • Three camp prisoners with bowls, the front two seated, next to them a pot with a ladle. One eats with a spoon; the others drink from their bowls.
  • Hermann Langbein: Die Stärkeren. Ein Bericht. Vienna 1949, p. 62.
  • Hans Lagger: Die Wahrheit über Dachau. Klagenfurt n.d., p. 17.
  • Oswald Burger: Das Lager-Tarockspiel von Boris Kobe. In: Gedenkstättenrundbrief 105, pp. 3–7.

7 Living and suffering in the barracks

  • Image 7.1: Egon Marc Lövith, Die erste Nacht (The First Night), pastel (1987), DaA O 416, Dachau Concentration Camp Memorial Site.
    • A prisoner lies in a bunk bed. He has a despairing look in his eyes, which are ringed by dark circles. A number is tattooed on his forearm.
  • Image 7.2: Egon Marc Lövith, Kinderlager II (Children's Camp II), pastel (1993), DaA O 402, Dachau Concentration Camp Memorial Site
    • A child prisoner sits on a stone and looks over their shoulder at the viewer. Their body is cloaked in a blanket. Their face is hidden behind scraps of cloth. Only their big eyes and their nose are visible. They hold a bowl in their hands.
  • Image 7.3: Egon Marc Lövith, Der Muselmann (The "Muselmann"), pastel (1987), DaA O 421, Dachau Concentration Camp Memorial Site.
    • An emaciated prisoner slumps in a corner. He seems weak, his arms fall to his sides, he has pulled his knees up to his chest. His head droops to the side. He clutches a spoon in one hand and a plate in the other.
  • Dachau Concentration Camp Memorial Site (Eds.): Egon Marc Lövith. Ich zeige wenig und sage alles. Pastelle, Gemälde, Zeichnungen. Exhibition catalog for the exhibition held at the Dachau Concentration Camp Memorial Site from May 19 to September 30, 2006, Dachau 2006.
  • Stanislav Zámečnik: Das war Dachau. Third edition. Frankfurt am Main 2007, pp. 149–150.
  • Interview with Egon Marc Lövith conducted by Dr. Gabriele Hammermann on October 28 and 29, 2000 in Cluj, Romania. Archive of the Dachau Concentration Camp Memorial Site (DaA), inventory no. 34666.
  • Interview with Egon Lövith conducted in 2003 in Cluj-Napoca, Romania. Retrieved from https://www.centropa.org/biography/egon-lovith#During%20the%20War

8 The prisoner community – Solidarity and violence

  • Image 8.1: Egon Marc Lövith, Das Brot (The Bread), pastel (1987), DaA O 404, Dachau Concentration Camp Memorial Site.
    • A female prisoner is wrapped in a blanket and stands by a barbed wire fence. A hand protrudes from the sleeve of a prisoner uniform to pass a slice of bread through the fence.
  • Image 8.2: Michael Porulsky, Arnold Unger Foundation for Remembrance, Inc., USA.
    • A Kapo prisoner wearing an armband swings a club to hurry along other prisoners, who are pulling a road roller.
  • Image 8.3: Georg Tauber, Die Last (The Burden), private collection of Monika and Tobias Hofer and Lisa and Simon Gobmeier.
    • A narrow bridge links two sides of a chasm. Naked prisoners carrying two enormous black and blue triangular ID badges try to cross the bridge. The badges are a heavy load and one prisoner falls into the void. On the other side of the chasm stand the unsympathetic political prisoners.
  • Stefanie Pilzweger-Steiner and Andrea Riedle (Eds.): Beweise für die Nachwelt. Die Zeichnungen des Dachau-Überlebenden Georg Tauber, Berlin 2018.
  • Ladislaus Ervin-Deutsch: Nachtschicht im Arbeitslager III in Kaufering. Erinnerungen. In: Wolfgang Benz and Barbara Distel (Eds.): Sklavenarbeit im KZ. Dachauer Hefte 2, Dachau 1986, pp. 79–122, specifically: p. 122.
  • Stanislav Zámečnik: Das war Dachau. Third edition. Frankfurt am Main 2007, pp. 149–150.

9 Drawings and paintings as a warning

  • Image 9.1: David Ludwig Bloch: Nie wieder (Never Again), DaA O 370, Dachau Concentration Camp Memorial Site.
    • A large number of emaciated prisoners line up opposite a few SS men in front of the camp wall and a guard tower. Huge skulls and the inscription "Nie wieder" ("Never again") are depicted above the figures.
  • David Ludwig Bloch, Meine Bilder sind meine Sprache. Exhibition catalog for the exhibition held at the Dachau Concentration Camp Memorial Site from January 30 to May 3, 2004, Dachau 2004.